If the child is slightly behind in development from others, parents begin to sound the alarm. At the same time, they rarely pay attention to training in simple skills – as is a spoon, how to use a toothbrush, how to wear socks. Many parents are waiting for the children to master all these actions themselves. Speech therapist Jeanne Naumenko explains how the development of household skills helps in physical and psycho-regional development.
“The child does not speak, does not play and lags behind in development, and he is almost 3 years old”. Psychologists, teachers often hear such words from parents. It turns out that the child cannot use a spoon, a pot, does not try to dress himself. Parents often do not see the connection between the formation of hygienic skills in children and their development. Mother says that it is better to feed the child herself, as he eats badly and will remain hungry. It is better to put on a diaper, since “the time of using the pot has not come yet”.
Recently, psychologists and teachers are increasingly drawing the attention of parents to the importance of cultural and hygienic skills in the development of children, in the correct organization of their life during the period of adaptation to the children’s institution. By the level of formation of these skills, one can judge the level of psychophysical development at an early age.
An early age is a special, most important period in the development of
the child, the time when physical and mental development is very closely related. The central activities of children in this period are subject-practical and gun, of which the game gradually develops by three years.
Subject-practical activity is based on the active interaction of an adult and a child with the involvement of objects. An adult – an intermediary between a child and the world. In the process of interaction, the parent calls objects, actions, signs and, thus, establishes a connection between the subject and the sounding word. Subject-practical activity affects the overall pace of development of the child and is initially manipulative, subsequently improving.
A child from a very early age can pick up a spoon, but so far does not know why it is needed, so he knocks on other subjects, tastes, throws it, performs other actions. Then he learns that the spoon is used for food, but so far he cannot hold it correctly. Gradually takes the spoon correctly and eats with its help. After all the stages have been mastered, the child becomes available to transfer actions from a specific situation to other similar ones. In the future, a well -known object can be involved in the gameplay.
The formation of the skill of independent dressing is the leading significance in psycho -regional development. This process is reverse in nature and begins with the child’s ability to take clothes. In this case, the child is faced with a problem situation, he is uncomfortable. He tries first with the help of an adult, and then undress on his own. Parents need to encourage independence. If they see that the child can cope with the task himself, assistance must be reduced, to use it in cases of emergency.